Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
Identifieur interne : 003162 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003161; suivant : 003163Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
Auteurs : R. C. Kessler [États-Unis] ; N. A. Sampson [États-Unis] ; P. Berglund [États-Unis] ; M. J. Gruber [États-Unis] ; A. Al-Hamzawi [Iraq] ; L. Andrade [Brésil] ; B. Bunting ; K. Demyttenaere [Belgique] ; S. Florescu [Roumanie] ; G. De Girolamo [Italie] ; O. Gureje [Nigeria] ; Y. He [République populaire de Chine] ; C. Hu [République populaire de Chine] ; Y. Huang [République populaire de Chine] ; E. Karam [Liban] ; V. Kovess-Masfety [France] ; S. Lee [Hong Kong] ; D. Levinson ; M. E. Medina Mora [Mexique] ; J. Moskalewicz [Pologne] ; Y. Nakamura [Japon] ; F. Navarro-Mateu [Espagne] ; Mark A. Oakley Browne [Australie] ; M. Piazza [Pérou] ; J. Posada-Villa [Colombie] ; T. Slade [Australie] ; M. Ten Have [Pays-Bas] ; Y. Torres [Colombie] ; G. Vilagut [Espagne] ; M. Xavier [Portugal] ; Z. Zarkov [Bulgarie] ; V. Shahly [États-Unis] ; M. A. Wilcox [États-Unis]Source :
- Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences [ 2045-7960 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
To examine cross-national patterns and correlates of lifetime and 12-month comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders among people with lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD).
Nationally or regionally representative epidemiological interviews were administered to 74,045 adults in 27 surveys across 24 countries in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. DSM-IV MDD, a wide range of comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders, and a number of correlates were assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).
45.7% of respondents with lifetime MDD (32.0–46.5% inter-quartile range [IQR] across surveys) had one of more lifetime anxiety disorders. A slightly higher proportion of respondents with 12-month MDD had lifetime anxiety disorders (51.7%, 37.8–54.0% IQR) and only slightly lower proportions of respondents with 12-month MDD had 12-month anxiety disorders (41.6%, 29.9–47.2% IQR). Two-thirds (68%) of respondents with lifetime comorbid anxiety disorders and MDD reported an earlier age-of-onset of their first anxiety disorder than their MDD, while 13.5% reported an earlier age-of-onset of MDD and the remaining 18.5% reported the same age-of-onset of both disorders. Women and previously married people had consistently elevated rates of lifetime and 12-month MDD as well as comorbid anxiety disorders. Consistently higher proportions of respondents with 12-month anxious than non-anxious MDD reported severe role impairment (64.4% vs. 46.0%; χ21=187.0, p<.001) and suicide ideation (19.5% vs. 8.9%; χ21=71.6, p<.001). Significantly more respondents with 12-month anxious than non-anxious MDD received treatment for their depression in the 12 months before interview, but this difference was more pronounced in high income countries (68.8% vs. 45.4%; χ21=108.8, p<.001) than low/middle income countries (30.3% vs. 20.6%; χ21=11.7, p<.001).
Patterns and correlates of comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders among people with DSM-IV MDD are similar across WMH countries. The narrow IQR of the proportion of respondents with temporally prior AOO of anxiety disorders than comorbid MDD (69.6–74.7%) is especially noteworthy. However, the fact that these proportions are not higher among respondents with 12-month than lifetime comorbidity means that temporal priority between lifetime anxiety disorders and MDD is not related to MDD persistence among people with anxious MDD. This, in turn, raises complex questions about the relative importance of temporally primary anxiety disorders as risk markers versus causal risk factors for subsequent MDD onset and persistence, including the possibility that anxiety disorders might primarily be risk markers for MDD onset and causal risk factors for MDD persistence.
Url:
DOI: 10.1017/S2045796015000189
PubMed: 25720357
PubMed Central: 5129607
Affiliations:
- Australie, Belgique, Brésil, Bulgarie, Colombie, Espagne, France, Hong Kong, Iraq, Italie, Japon, Liban, Mexique, Nigeria, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, Pérou, Roumanie, République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- Catalogne, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Utrecht (province), État d'Oyo, État de São Paulo, Île-de-France
- Barcelone, Ibadan, Paris, Pékin, Sha Tin, Sydney, São Paulo, Utrecht
- Université chinoise de Hong Kong, Université d'Ibadan, Université de Pékin
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Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong</nlm:aff><country>Hong Kong</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sha Tin</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université chinoise de Hong Kong</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levinson, D" sort="Levinson, D" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="D." last="Levinson">D. Levinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Ministry of Health Israel, Mental Health Services</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Mental Health Services</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora, M E Medina" sort="Mora, M E Medina" uniqKey="Mora M" first="M. E. Medina" last="Mora">M. E. 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Nakamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tochigi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro Mateu, F" sort="Navarro Mateu, F" uniqKey="Navarro Mateu F" first="F." last="Navarro-Mateu">F. Navarro-Mateu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM). Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Nodo Murcia, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM). Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Nodo Murcia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM). Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Nodo Murcia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oakley Browne, Mark A" sort="Oakley Browne, Mark A" uniqKey="Oakley Browne M" first="Mark A." last="Oakley Browne">Mark A. Oakley Browne</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Tasmania</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piazza, M" sort="Piazza, M" uniqKey="Piazza M" first="M." last="Piazza">M. 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Slade</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A24">National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ten Have, M" sort="Ten Have, M" uniqKey="Ten Have M" first="M." last="Ten Have">M. Ten Have</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A25">Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torres, Y" sort="Torres, Y" uniqKey="Torres Y" first="Y." last="Torres">Y. Torres</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A26">Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin, Colombia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Medellin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vilagut, G" sort="Vilagut, G" uniqKey="Vilagut G" first="G." last="Vilagut">G. Vilagut</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Health Services Research Unit, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, 88, Edifici PRBB, 08003, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Services Research Unit, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, 88, Edifici PRBB, 08003, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xavier, M" sort="Xavier, M" uniqKey="Xavier M" first="M." last="Xavier">M. Xavier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Mental Health – CEDOC and Faculdade Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mental Health – CEDOC and Faculdade Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zarkov, Z" sort="Zarkov, Z" uniqKey="Zarkov Z" first="Z." last="Zarkov">Z. Zarkov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A29">Department Mental Health, NCPHA, Bulgaria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department Mental Health, NCPHA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NCPHA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shahly, V" sort="Shahly, V" uniqKey="Shahly V" first="V." last="Shahly">V. 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Wilcox</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A30">Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Titusville, NJ</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">New Jersey</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25720357</idno><idno type="pmc">5129607</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5129607</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5129607</idno><idno type="doi">10.1017/S2045796015000189</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001E74</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001E74</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001D30</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001D30</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001175</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001175</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002C87</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002C87</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002C13</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002C13</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002C13</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002C13</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002299</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002299</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002299</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">2045-7960:2015:Kessler R:anxious:and:non</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">003163</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">003162</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">003162</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys</title><author><name sortKey="Kessler, R C" sort="Kessler, R C" uniqKey="Kessler R" first="R. C." last="Kessler">R. C. Kessler</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, N A" sort="Sampson, N A" uniqKey="Sampson N" first="N. A." last="Sampson">N. A. Sampson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berglund, P" sort="Berglund, P" uniqKey="Berglund P" first="P." last="Berglund">P. Berglund</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruber, M J" sort="Gruber, M J" uniqKey="Gruber M" first="M. J." last="Gruber">M. J. Gruber</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hamzawi, A" sort="Al Hamzawi, A" uniqKey="Al Hamzawi A" first="A." last="Al-Hamzawi">A. Al-Hamzawi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A3">College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwania governorate, Iraq</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Iraq</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwania governorate</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Diwania governorate</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrade, L" sort="Andrade, L" uniqKey="Andrade L" first="L." last="Andrade">L. Andrade</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">São Paulo</settlement><region type="state">État de São Paulo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bunting, B" sort="Bunting, B" uniqKey="Bunting B" first="B." last="Bunting">B. Bunting</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">School of Psychology, Ulster University</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Ulster University</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demyttenaere, K" sort="Demyttenaere, K" uniqKey="Demyttenaere K" first="K." last="Demyttenaere">K. Demyttenaere</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A6">Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florescu, S" sort="Florescu, S" uniqKey="Florescu S" first="S." last="Florescu">S. Florescu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A7">National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bucharest</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Girolamo, G" sort="De Girolamo, G" uniqKey="De Girolamo G" first="G." last="De Girolamo">G. De Girolamo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A8">Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gureje, O" sort="Gureje, O" uniqKey="Gureje O" first="O." last="Gureje">O. Gureje</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A9">Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences, Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Neurosciences, Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Ibadan</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Ibadan</settlement><region type="region">État d'Oyo</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Y" sort="He, Y" uniqKey="He Y" first="Y." last="He">Y. He</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, PRC</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shanghai</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, C" sort="Hu, C" uniqKey="Hu C" first="C." last="Hu">C. Hu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A11">Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital, Guangdon Province, PRC</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital, Guangdon Province</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Guangdon Province</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Y" sort="Huang, Y" uniqKey="Huang Y" first="Y." last="Huang">Y. Huang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A12">Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Pékin</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karam, E" sort="Karam, E" uniqKey="Karam E" first="E." last="Karam">E. Karam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A13">Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon; Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Liban</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon; Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Beirut</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovess Masfety, V" sort="Kovess Masfety, V" uniqKey="Kovess Masfety V" first="V." last="Kovess-Masfety">V. Kovess-Masfety</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A14">Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University,Paris, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University,Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, S" sort="Lee, S" uniqKey="Lee S" first="S" last="Lee">S. Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A15">Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong</nlm:aff><country>Hong Kong</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sha Tin</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université chinoise de Hong Kong</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levinson, D" sort="Levinson, D" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="D." last="Levinson">D. Levinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Ministry of Health Israel, Mental Health Services</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Mental Health Services</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora, M E Medina" sort="Mora, M E Medina" uniqKey="Mora M" first="M. E. Medina" last="Mora">M. E. Medina Mora</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A17">Ramond e la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Ramond e la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moskalewicz, J" sort="Moskalewicz, J" uniqKey="Moskalewicz J" first="J." last="Moskalewicz">J. Moskalewicz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">Institute of psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Warsaw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakamura, Y" sort="Nakamura, Y" uniqKey="Nakamura Y" first="Y." last="Nakamura">Y. Nakamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tochigi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro Mateu, F" sort="Navarro Mateu, F" uniqKey="Navarro Mateu F" first="F." last="Navarro-Mateu">F. Navarro-Mateu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A20">Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM). Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Nodo Murcia, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM). Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Nodo Murcia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM). Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Nodo Murcia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oakley Browne, Mark A" sort="Oakley Browne, Mark A" uniqKey="Oakley Browne M" first="Mark A." last="Oakley Browne">Mark A. Oakley Browne</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Tasmania</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piazza, M" sort="Piazza, M" uniqKey="Piazza M" first="M." last="Piazza">M. Piazza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A22">National Institute of Health, Peru</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Health</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posada Villa, J" sort="Posada Villa, J" uniqKey="Posada Villa J" first="J." last="Posada-Villa">J. Posada-Villa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A23">Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogota, Colombia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country><wicri:regionArea>Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogota</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogota</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slade, T" sort="Slade, T" uniqKey="Slade T" first="T." last="Slade">T. Slade</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A24">National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ten Have, M" sort="Ten Have, M" uniqKey="Ten Have M" first="M." last="Ten Have">M. Ten Have</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A25">Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torres, Y" sort="Torres, Y" uniqKey="Torres Y" first="Y." last="Torres">Y. Torres</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A26">Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin, Colombia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Colombie</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Medellin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vilagut, G" sort="Vilagut, G" uniqKey="Vilagut G" first="G." last="Vilagut">G. Vilagut</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Health Services Research Unit, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, 88, Edifici PRBB, 08003, Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Services Research Unit, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, 88, Edifici PRBB, 08003, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xavier, M" sort="Xavier, M" uniqKey="Xavier M" first="M." last="Xavier">M. Xavier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Mental Health – CEDOC and Faculdade Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mental Health – CEDOC and Faculdade Ciencias Medicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zarkov, Z" sort="Zarkov, Z" uniqKey="Zarkov Z" first="Z." last="Zarkov">Z. Zarkov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A29">Department Mental Health, NCPHA, Bulgaria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department Mental Health, NCPHA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NCPHA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shahly, V" sort="Shahly, V" uniqKey="Shahly V" first="V." last="Shahly">V. Shahly</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilcox, M A" sort="Wilcox, M A" uniqKey="Wilcox M" first="M. A." last="Wilcox">M. A. Wilcox</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A30">Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Titusville, NJ</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">New Jersey</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">2045-7960</idno><idno type="eISSN">2045-7979</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>AIMS</title><p id="P1">To examine cross-national patterns and correlates of lifetime and 12-month comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders among people with lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD).</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>METHODS</title><p id="P2">Nationally or regionally representative epidemiological interviews were administered to 74,045 adults in 27 surveys across 24 countries in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. DSM-IV MDD, a wide range of comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders, and a number of correlates were assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>RESULTS</title><p id="P3">45.7% of respondents with lifetime MDD (32.0–46.5% inter-quartile range [IQR] across surveys) had one of more lifetime anxiety disorders. A slightly higher proportion of respondents with 12-month MDD had lifetime anxiety disorders (51.7%, 37.8–54.0% IQR) and only slightly lower proportions of respondents with 12-month MDD had 12-month anxiety disorders (41.6%, 29.9–47.2% IQR). Two-thirds (68%) of respondents with lifetime comorbid anxiety disorders and MDD reported an earlier age-of-onset of their first anxiety disorder than their MDD, while 13.5% reported an earlier age-of-onset of MDD and the remaining 18.5% reported the same age-of-onset of both disorders. Women and previously married people had consistently elevated rates of lifetime and 12-month MDD as well as comorbid anxiety disorders. Consistently higher proportions of respondents with 12-month anxious than non-anxious MDD reported severe role impairment (64.4% vs. 46.0%; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub>=187.0, p<.001) and suicide ideation (19.5% vs. 8.9%; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub>=71.6, p<.001). Significantly more respondents with 12-month anxious than non-anxious MDD received treatment for their depression in the 12 months before interview, but this difference was more pronounced in high income countries (68.8% vs. 45.4%; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub>=108.8, p<.001) than low/middle income countries (30.3% vs. 20.6%; χ<sup>2</sup><sub>1</sub>=11.7, p<.001).</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p id="P4">Patterns and correlates of comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders among people with DSM-IV MDD are similar across WMH countries. The narrow IQR of the proportion of respondents with temporally prior AOO of anxiety disorders than comorbid MDD (69.6–74.7%) is especially noteworthy. However, the fact that these proportions are not higher among respondents with 12-month than lifetime comorbidity means that temporal priority between lifetime anxiety disorders and MDD is not related to MDD persistence among people with anxious MDD. This, in turn, raises complex questions about the relative importance of temporally primary anxiety disorders as risk markers versus causal risk factors for subsequent MDD onset and persistence, including the possibility that anxiety disorders might primarily be risk markers for MDD onset and causal risk factors for MDD persistence.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Belgique</li><li>Brésil</li><li>Bulgarie</li><li>Colombie</li><li>Espagne</li><li>France</li><li>Hong Kong</li><li>Iraq</li><li>Italie</li><li>Japon</li><li>Liban</li><li>Mexique</li><li>Nigeria</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Portugal</li><li>Pérou</li><li>Roumanie</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Catalogne</li><li>Massachusetts</li><li>Michigan</li><li>New Jersey</li><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Utrecht (province)</li><li>État d'Oyo</li><li>État de São Paulo</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Barcelone</li><li>Ibadan</li><li>Paris</li><li>Pékin</li><li>Sha Tin</li><li>Sydney</li><li>São Paulo</li><li>Utrecht</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université chinoise de Hong Kong</li><li>Université d'Ibadan</li><li>Université de Pékin</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Bunting, B" sort="Bunting, B" uniqKey="Bunting B" first="B." last="Bunting">B. Bunting</name><name sortKey="Levinson, D" sort="Levinson, D" uniqKey="Levinson D" first="D." last="Levinson">D. Levinson</name></noCountry><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Massachusetts"><name sortKey="Kessler, R C" sort="Kessler, R C" uniqKey="Kessler R" first="R. C." last="Kessler">R. C. Kessler</name></region><name sortKey="Berglund, P" sort="Berglund, P" uniqKey="Berglund P" first="P." last="Berglund">P. Berglund</name><name sortKey="Gruber, M J" sort="Gruber, M J" uniqKey="Gruber M" first="M. J." last="Gruber">M. J. Gruber</name><name sortKey="Sampson, N A" sort="Sampson, N A" uniqKey="Sampson N" first="N. A." last="Sampson">N. A. Sampson</name><name sortKey="Shahly, V" sort="Shahly, V" uniqKey="Shahly V" first="V." last="Shahly">V. Shahly</name><name sortKey="Wilcox, M A" sort="Wilcox, M A" uniqKey="Wilcox M" first="M. A." last="Wilcox">M. A. Wilcox</name></country><country name="Iraq"><noRegion><name sortKey="Al Hamzawi, A" sort="Al Hamzawi, A" uniqKey="Al Hamzawi A" first="A." last="Al-Hamzawi">A. Al-Hamzawi</name></noRegion></country><country name="Brésil"><region name="État de São Paulo"><name sortKey="Andrade, L" sort="Andrade, L" uniqKey="Andrade L" first="L." last="Andrade">L. Andrade</name></region></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Demyttenaere, K" sort="Demyttenaere, K" uniqKey="Demyttenaere K" first="K." last="Demyttenaere">K. Demyttenaere</name></noRegion></country><country name="Roumanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Florescu, S" sort="Florescu, S" uniqKey="Florescu S" first="S." last="Florescu">S. Florescu</name></noRegion></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Girolamo, G" sort="De Girolamo, G" uniqKey="De Girolamo G" first="G." last="De Girolamo">G. 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Vilagut</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Oakley Browne, Mark A" sort="Oakley Browne, Mark A" uniqKey="Oakley Browne M" first="Mark A." last="Oakley Browne">Mark A. Oakley Browne</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Slade, T" sort="Slade, T" uniqKey="Slade T" first="T." last="Slade">T. Slade</name></country><country name="Pérou"><noRegion><name sortKey="Piazza, M" sort="Piazza, M" uniqKey="Piazza M" first="M." last="Piazza">M. Piazza</name></noRegion></country><country name="Colombie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Posada Villa, J" sort="Posada Villa, J" uniqKey="Posada Villa J" first="J." last="Posada-Villa">J. Posada-Villa</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Torres, Y" sort="Torres, Y" uniqKey="Torres Y" first="Y." last="Torres">Y. Torres</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Utrecht (province)"><name sortKey="Ten Have, M" sort="Ten Have, M" uniqKey="Ten Have M" first="M." last="Ten Have">M. Ten Have</name></region></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Xavier, M" sort="Xavier, M" uniqKey="Xavier M" first="M." last="Xavier">M. Xavier</name></noRegion></country><country name="Bulgarie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Zarkov, Z" sort="Zarkov, Z" uniqKey="Zarkov Z" first="Z." last="Zarkov">Z. Zarkov</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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